Tarsal tendonitis is a nerve disorder that is caused by compression of the posterior tibial nerve that runs through the tarsal tunnel.
The Tarsal Tunnel is a narrow space on the inside of the ankle through which several nerves, arteries, veins and tendons travel though. It is covered externally by a ligament called the flexor retinaculum that connects the tibia (shin bone) to the calcaneus (heel bone).
Causes of Tarsal Tendonitis
Anything that narrows the tarsal tunnel and compresses the posterior tibial nerve can lead to tarsal tendonitis.
This Includes:
- Foot trauma such as falling or inward collapse of ankle
- Pronation
- Tendonitis – specifically of the flexor retinaculum
- Ganglion Cyst
- Varicose Veins
- Swollen Tendons
- Bone Spurs
- Flat Feet
- Nerve compression due to swelling caused by diabetes or arthritis
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Symptoms
Because the nerve is compressed, symptoms can develop anywhere from the inside of the ankle to the foot. Common areas of pain include the ankle or the heel, but it can also occur in the arch, toes, or calf. Tarsal tendonitis develops overtime. If left untreated, it can be almost impossible to walk.
Symptoms Include:
- Burning
- Numbness
- Tingling
- Pain – especially at night
- Weakness in muscle of the foot
- Swelling
Note: Muscle weakness can disrupt gain and lead to hip or knee problems.
Treatments
- Orthotics
- Heel lifts
- NSAIDs
- Oral/Injectable Steroids
- Nerve Stimulation
- Soft Tissue work such as foam rolling, stretching
- Rest and stay off foot
- Ice
- Physical therapy
- Supportive shoes
- Brace to reduce pressure on foot
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